PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
• For the events that began in the past but continues to the present by its effects.
My car was dirty. I have cleaned it. Now it is clean. Arabam kirliydi. Onu temizledim. Şu an temiz.
As you see in the above example; the car was dirty. However, after cleaning it, it’s affect continues until present. If you wonder how that happens, the car is shining.
Yukardaki örnekte gördüğümüz gibi. Araba kirli idi fakat temizlenince etkisi şu ana kadar sürüyor. Nasılmı dersiniz araba parlıyor.
We use PRESENT PERFECT TENSE with past participle of irregular verbs. What is a PAST PARTICIPLE?
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE i düzensiz fillerin 3. Haliyle kullanırız. Peki; düzensiz fillerin 3. Hali nedir?
PRESENT / V1/ PAST /V2/ PAST PARTICIPLE /V3/
GO WENT GONE
DO DID DONE
COME CAME COME
SPEAK SPOKE SPOKEN
As you see irregular verbs don’t have a regular structure. They change for the present-past and past participle forms. We use PAST PARTICIPLE /V3/ form of the irregular verbs with present perfect tense.
Yukardaki örneklerde gördüğünüz gibi düzensiz fiillerin düzensiz bir yapısı vardır. 1.,2. ve 3. halleri normal düzene uymaz.
REGULAR verbs have a regular structure. They have –ed after them. Düzenli fiillerin ise düzenli bir yapısı vardır. 2. Ve 3. Hallerinde kendilerinden sonra –ed takısı alırlar
want Wanted Wanted
Listen listened Listened
clean cleaned cleaned
open opened Opened
Sometimes; study-studied-studied
I have spoken in English.
We have wanted some ice-cream.
You have cleaned your home.
They have listened music.
He has washed his car.
She has done her homework.
It has come from its kennel
The sturucture is;
POSITIVE SENYTENCES
Subject (+) have/has (+) V3 (+) object …………………………………
NEGATIVE Structure is very easy
Subject (+) haven’t/hasn’t (+) V3 (+) Object ………………………………….
I haven’t spoken in English.
We haven’t wanted some ice-cream.
You haven’t cleaned your home.
They haven’t listened music.
He hasn’t washed his car.
She hasn’t done her homework.
It hasn’t come from its kennel
QUESTION forms is also very easy
I have done my homework.
X
Have I done my homework?
Have I spoken in English?
Have we wanted some ice-cream?
Have you cleaned your home?
Have they listened Music?
Has he washed his car?
Has She done her homework?
Has it come from its kennel?
We use lots of time expressions with present perfect tense.
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE TIME EXPRESSIONS
SINCE and FOR
since + a starting point
I have been in this town for + Five minutes.
two hours
ten days
about six years
several weeks
many years
a long time
years
for (+) a duration of time
I have been in this town
since + sunday
jully
1999
june 20, 1990
the beginning of this year
yesterday
last week
I have been in this town since Sunday. (Bu kasabada Pazar’dan beri bulundum.
I have been in this town for 5 days. ( Bu kasabada 5 gündür bulundum.)
Zaman Zarfları
ALREADY, YET, JUST, EVER and NEVER kullanımı
EVER ( hiç )
1. soru cümlelerinde
• Have you ever been to London ? (Hiç Londra’da bulundun mu?)
• Has she ever met her new teacher?
2. olumsuz sorularda
• Haven’t they ever been to London? (Hiç Londra’da bulunmadılae mı?
• Hasn’t she ever met her new teacher?
ALREADY bir eylemin ( önceden) yapılmış olduğunu ve artık yapılmasının gereksiz olduğunu ifade etmek içim kullanılır.
• You don’t need to go to the post office. I have already posted the letters. ( Mektubu çoktan postaladım)
• Don’t take the car to the mechanic.I have already fixed it.
• Have you already finished your homework?
• I have seen that movie already.
YET bir eylemin şu ana kadar henüz yapılmamış olduğunu, olumsuz hallerde ,ama gelecekte yapılabileceğini ya da olabileceğini ifade etmek için kullanılır. Yet cümlenin sonunda kullanılır.
• It’s 5:00 pm and I am very hungry. I haven’t eaten my dinner yet. ( Henüz birşey yemedim. )
• Have you seen Emma yet?
• Has she arrived yet?
JUST eylemin çok kısa bir süre önce tamamlanığını, henüz olduğunu ifade etmek için kullanılır.
• No, thanks. I have just eaten a cake. ( Daha şimdi kek yedim. )
• They have just gone out.
• It is clean, he has just cleaned the room.
For the time expressions SOURCE: http://www.conquerenglish.com/english/31/the-present-perfect-tense
Zaman ifadeleri için SOURCE: http://www.conquerenglish.com/english/31/the-present-perfect-tense
Adresinden yararlanılmıştır.
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